UPSC भूगोल वैकल्पिक प्रश्न-पत्र 2026: पेपर I और पेपर II, सभी सवाल
2026 के UPSC भूगोल वैकल्पिक के दोनों पेपर पूरे, सवाल-दर-सवाल, नंबर, सिलेबस यूनिट और हर पेपर के टॉपिक बँटवारे के साथ, और खोजी जा सकने वाली PDF।
2026 के UPSC भूगोल वैकल्पिक के दोनों पेपर नीचे पूरे हैं, सवाल-दर-सवाल, हर सवाल के नंबर और सिलेबस यूनिट के साथ। पेपर I और पेपर II दोनों में 8 सवाल छपते हैं, कुल 400 नंबर के; आपको 5 करने होते हैं, 250 नंबर के लिए। हर पेपर की साफ़, खोजी जा सकने वाली PDF ऊपर दी गई है।
सवालों का पाठ अंग्रेज़ी में वैसा ही रखा गया है जैसा प्रश्न-पत्र में छपा था। UPSC का असली पेपर द्विभाषी होता है, और उसका हिंदी पाठ आयोग के शब्दों में ही मान्य है, इसलिए हमने उसका अनुवाद करके बदल देना ठीक नहीं समझा। विश्लेषण, यूनिट और वेटेज हिंदी में हैं।
भूगोल वैकल्पिक 2026 पेपर I
डाउनलोड: भूगोल वैकल्पिक 2026 पेपर I (PDF, खोजी जा सकने वाली)। समय तीन घंटे, अधिकतम अंक 250।
खंड A
| प्र. | सवाल | अंक | यूनिट |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1(a) | What is ‘Helical’ flow? How Helical flow accounts for meander modifications? | 10 | भू-आकृति विज्ञान |
| 1(b) | Define ‘pseudo monsoon’ and explain its spatial distribution. | 10 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 1(c) | How are seamounts and Guyots the same and different? Comment. | 10 | भू-आकृति विज्ञान |
| 1(d) | How a ‘Solum’ as a concept different from ‘Pedon’? Describe. | 10 | जैव भूगोल |
| 1(e) | With suitable examples describe the hazards of flood plain settlement. | 10 | पर्यावरण भूगोल |
| 2(a) | “Environmental geomorphology deals with the impact of natural landforms and processes.” Elucidate with suitable examples. | 20 | भू-आकृति विज्ञान |
| 2(b) | Discuss the potential consequences of the collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) for the world. | 15 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 2(c) | “Overgrazing has become an alarming situation of bioloss in many bio-geographical regions of the world.” Illustrate with examples. | 15 | जैव भूगोल |
| 3(a) | Describe the general characteristics and structure of a thunderstorm and suggest suitable classification of thunderstorm. | 20 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 3(b) | Anthropogenic impacts have caused major global and regional changes and imbalances in ecosystem. Elucidate with examples. | 15 | प्रादेशिक नियोजन |
| 3(c) | What is scarification? List out various impacts and examples of scarification on land. | 15 | भू-आकृति विज्ञान |
| 4(a) | How does the annual variations in temperature and precipitation influence plants growth, development and distribution? How do animals cope up with variations in climate? | 20 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 4(b) | Examine the importance of axis of dilation of airmasses in frontogenesis and the origin of Temperate cyclones. | 15 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 4(c) | Construction of large dams poses serious challenges. Describe the threats and solutions associated with it. | 15 | पर्यावरण भूगोल |
खंड B
| प्र. | सवाल | अंक | यूनिट |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5(a) | “Systematic Geography is essentially analytical and makes generic concepts and Universal Laws.” Elucidate with examples. | 10 | मानव भूगोल के दृष्टिकोण |
| 5(b) | Critically examine the significance of five functioning forms with regard to agricultural regions of the world proposed by D. Whittlesey. | 10 | आर्थिक भूगोल |
| 5(c) | “The majority of migrants go only a short distance.” Explain with examples. | 10 | जनसंख्या और अधिवास भूगोल |
| 5(d) | “Sustainable development requires Intergenerational and Intragenerational equity.” Comment with examples. | 10 | पर्यावरण भूगोल |
| 5(e) | “Under what situations Von Thunen’s model of agricultural location is still rational.” Justify with examples. | 10 | आर्थिक भूगोल |
| 6(a) | Discuss the Geometry of Land Values in Urban Community and delimiting the Central Business District (CBD) in detail. | 20 | जनसंख्या और अधिवास भूगोल |
| 6(b) | Analyse the measuring patterns of settlement in relation to the nearest Neighbour Index and Rank-Size-Rule in detail. | 15 | जनसंख्या और अधिवास भूगोल |
| 6(c) | Write an essay on disease and global warming according to the report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). | 15 | जलवायु विज्ञान |
| 7(a) | What are the main concerns of radical geography? Describe the salient features and objectives of radicalism in geography. | 20 | मानव भूगोल के दृष्टिकोण |
| 7(b) | Discuss agricultural productivity and techniques adopted for computing efficiency in the levels of agricultural productivity. | 15 | आर्थिक भूगोल |
| 7(c) | Elaborate partition of Indian subcontinent and international migration in detail. | 15 | मॉडल, सिद्धांत और नियम |
| 8(a) | What are the principles of urban planning? Critically analyse town planning in India in the post independence period. | 20 | जनसंख्या और अधिवास भूगोल |
| 8(b) | What are the approaches of human development? Describe in detail the measures for computing human development index. | 15 | प्रादेशिक नियोजन |
| 8(c) | Explain the Rimland Theory with reference to ongoing geopolitical scenario in the world. | 15 | मॉडल, सिद्धांत और नियम |
2026 पेपर I: नंबर कहाँ रहे
| यूनिट | अंक | पेपर में हिस्सा |
|---|---|---|
| जलवायु विज्ञान | 95 | 23.8% |
| जनसंख्या और अधिवास भूगोल | 65 | 16.2% |
| भू-आकृति विज्ञान | 55 | 13.8% |
| पर्यावरण भूगोल | 35 | 8.8% |
| आर्थिक भूगोल | 35 | 8.8% |
| प्रादेशिक नियोजन | 30 | 7.5% |
| मानव भूगोल के दृष्टिकोण | 30 | 7.5% |
| मॉडल, सिद्धांत और नियम | 30 | 7.5% |
| जैव भूगोल | 25 | 6.2% |
भूगोल वैकल्पिक 2026 पेपर II
डाउनलोड: भूगोल वैकल्पिक 2026 पेपर II (PDF, खोजी जा सकने वाली)। समय तीन घंटे, अधिकतम अंक 250।
खंड A
| प्र. | सवाल | अंक | यूनिट |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1(a) | On the outline map of India provided to you, mark the location of all of the following. Write in your QCA Booklet the significance of these locations, whether physical / commercial / economic / ecological / environmental / cultural, in no more than 30 words for each entry: (i) Bitra Island (ii) Lohit River (iii) Dras (iv) Kuno National Park (v) Yadadri (vi) Mahi Basin (vii) Tamralipta (viii) Toranmal (ix) Raya Heritage City (x) Varkala | 20 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 1(b) | Briefly describe the origin, distribution and economic significance of Cuddapah and Dharwar rock systems of India. | 10 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 1(c) | Explain the vertical zonation of vegetation of the Himalayas. | 10 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 1(d) | Describe the geographical conditions necessary for the growth of mangrove forests in India. Explain their ecological and economic significance. | 10 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 2(a) | The relationship between El Niño and the Indian monsoon is becoming complex under the conditions of global warming. Critically examine. | 20 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 2(b) | Discuss the role of the private sector in the technological advancements of the defence industry in India. | 15 | उद्योग |
| 2(c) | Explain the global supply chain for the fertilizer industry in India. How do international prices of key inputs affect domestic production? | 15 | संसाधन |
| 3(a) | Examine the causes and consequences of crop diversification in India. How can crop diversification contribute to sustainable agriculture? | 20 | कृषि |
| 3(b) | India’s vulnerability to maritime choke-points has increased sharply over time due to geopolitical tensions. Discuss. | 15 | राजनीतिक पक्ष |
| 3(c) | Efficient use of energy resources can resolve the energy crisis in India. Comment. | 15 | संसाधन |
| 4(a) | Analyse the spatial distribution of India’s automobile industry. How have the clusters like Chennai, Pune and Gurugram emerged as key auto-hubs? | 20 | उद्योग |
| 4(b) | Describe the role of energy pipelines in the industrial development and in reducing the regional imbalances in India. | 15 | संसाधन |
| 4(c) | Divide India into agro-ecological regions and highlight the salient features of any one of them. | 15 | कृषि |
खंड B
| प्र. | सवाल | अंक | यूनिट |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5(a) | Analyse the consequences of circular migration in India. How does it influence both rural development and the urban economy? | 10 | अधिवास |
| 5(b) | Explain the government initiatives for the redevelopment of slum areas in the mega cities of India. | 10 | अधिवास |
| 5(c) | Discuss how Panchayati Raj institutions play a crucial role in the empowerment of women in India. | 10 | सांस्कृतिक स्वरूप |
| 5(d) | “India’s approach to the Indian Ocean is cooperative rather than coercive.” Critically examine the statement. | 10 | राजनीतिक पक्ष |
| 5(e) | Disaster risk reduction and community resilience are the two pillars that need to be prioritized in the flood prone areas of India. Critically analyse. | 10 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 6(a) | Examine the trends in fertility rates across Indian states over time. How are they projected to evolve by 2050? | 20 | सांस्कृतिक स्वरूप |
| 6(b) | Soil and water conservation are the major challenges in the development of hill areas of India. Explain. | 15 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 6(c) | With reference to the international boundary between India and Bangladesh, discuss the related issues and challenges. | 15 | राजनीतिक पक्ष |
| 7(a) | Why is it difficult to improve the quality of air during the winter season in the Gangetic plain? Critically evaluate with suitable examples. | 20 | समकालीन मुद्दे |
| 7(b) | Deforestation in the upper reaches of a river augments the magnitude of soil erosion. Elaborate your answer citing the example of any North Indian river. | 15 | भौतिक स्वरूप |
| 7(c) | Assess the role of geographical isolation in preserving tribal culture, as well as hindering their socio-economic development in India. | 15 | सांस्कृतिक स्वरूप |
| 8(a) | Critically examine the strategic, economic and ecological impacts of the proposed ‘Great Nicobar Project’. | 20 | समकालीन मुद्दे |
| 8(b) | Poor road infrastructure and inadequate public transport system remain the key issues in Indian metropolitan areas. Discuss with suitable examples. | 15 | परिवहन, संचार और व्यापार |
| 8(c) | Critically examine the environmental and economic consequences of India’s rise as a global data centre hub. | 15 | उद्योग |
2026 पेपर II: नंबर कहाँ रहे
| यूनिट | अंक | पेपर में हिस्सा |
|---|---|---|
| भौतिक स्वरूप | 110 | 27.5% |
| उद्योग | 50 | 12.5% |
| संसाधन | 45 | 11.2% |
| सांस्कृतिक स्वरूप | 45 | 11.2% |
| राजनीतिक पक्ष | 40 | 10.0% |
| समकालीन मुद्दे | 40 | 10.0% |
| कृषि | 35 | 8.8% |
| अधिवास | 20 | 5.0% |
| परिवहन, संचार और व्यापार | 15 | 3.8% |
2026 और ग्यारह साल का पैटर्न
ऊपर का बँटवारा एक साल का सबूत है। 2016 से 2026 तक के सभी 605 छपे सवालों की पूरी वेटेज और बाकी हर पेपर के लिए भूगोल वैकल्पिक प्रश्न-पत्र संग्रह देखिए।
विषय अभी तय नहीं किया है तो पहले UPSC भूगोल वैकल्पिक विषय की पूरी गाइड पढ़िए, और सिलेबस यूनिट-दर-यूनिट देखिए।