UPSC CSE 2026 Essay Paper Discussion
GS Paper 3 10 marks · 150w 9 min Medium

Define gender budgeting and explain its evolution in India since the 2005-06 statement.

Subtopic: Economy · Inclusive growth

Model answer outline

How to structure your answer

Introduction: Gender Budget Statement first published with Union Budget 2005-06; Budget 2025-26 allocates ₹4.49 lakh crore (~6.8% of total outlay) across Parts A (women-specific) and B (pro-women).

Body: 1) Architecture — Gender Budgeting Cells in 57 ministries, MWCD nodal. 2) Programmes — Mission Shakti, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Nirbhaya Fund, Lakhpati Didi. 3) Limits — outlay vs outcome, Part B accounting, exclusion of unpaid care.

Way forward: Adopt Part C for fully gender-mainstreamed schemes; link to SDG 5 indicators; outcome budget integration.

Full model answer

Written within the word limit

131 words · target 150 words · 9 min

Introduction: Gender budgeting applies fiscal policy to advance gender equity by analysing budget allocations through a gender lens. India introduced Statement 13 in Union Budget 2005-06, joining 90+ countries.

Body: The Gender Budget rose from ₹14,378 crore in 2005-06 to ₹4.49 lakh crore in 2025-26, representing 8.86% of total expenditure. It comprises Part-A (100% women-specific — Mission Shakti, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Lakhpati Didi, PMMVY) and Part-B (30-99% women — PMAY-G, PMJDY, PMUY). MoWCD hosts the central Gender Budgeting Cell; 39 ministries have GB cells. PMJDY (54 crore accounts, 56% women), MUDRA (68% loans to women), and PMUY (10.32 crore LPG) anchor outcomes. Gaps: weak outcome tracking, missing SDG-5 alignment in DBT MIS, and uneven state-level uptake outside Kerala, Karnataka and Odisha.

Way forward: MoWCD should publish a Gender Outcome Budget by FY27, integrate Statement 13 with PFMS-SAKSHAM and align all 39 GB cells with SDG-5.

Key points

What an examiner expects to see

  • Gender Budget first issued FY 2005-06
  • Budget 2025-26 — ₹4.49 lakh crore gender outlay
  • Two-part statement: A (100% women), B (>=30%)
  • 57 ministries have Gender Budgeting Cells
  • Mission Shakti since 2022-23 — Samarthya and Sambal
  • MWCD nodal ministry
Examples to use

Concrete cases, schemes and judgments

  • Nirbhaya Fund corpus
  • Lakhpati Didi target 3 crore
  • BBBP scheme districts expanded nationwide
  • Working Women Hostels
Keywords / terms

Terminology to weave into the answer

gender budgetMission ShaktiMWCDLakhpati Didioutcome budget
Sources to read

Primary sources and verified references

Union Budget 2025-26 — Gender Budget Statement https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/ Anantam IAS — Gender Budgeting https://anantamias.com/gender-budgeting/

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