UPSC CSE 2026 Essay Paper Discussion
GS Paper 2 10 marks · 150w 9 min Easy

Department-Related Standing Committees are the engine room of parliamentary scrutiny but their effectiveness has weakened in recent Lok Sabhas. Discuss.

Subtopic: Polity · Parliament & Committee System

Model answer outline

How to structure your answer

Introduction: The Department-Related Standing Committee system was constituted on 8 April 1993 on a recommendation of the Rules Committee; 24 DRSCs cover the work of all 99 Ministries and Departments.

Body: Three dimensions — (i) constitutional source — Articles 105 (privileges) and 118 (rules of procedure) provide the base; the Speaker constitutes committees on the floor; (ii) function — Bill scrutiny, Demands for Grants, subject reports; PRS data shows only 16 per cent of Bills referred in the 17th Lok Sabha (against 71 per cent in the 15th); (iii) systemic gaps — no research staff per Member, no sub-committee on legislation, anti-defection whip eroding free debate.

Way forward / Conclusion: Mandatory referral norms in the Rules of Procedure, public hearings on Bills, and a Parliamentary Budget Office on the US-Australia model would revive committee scrutiny.

Full model answer

Written within the word limit

132 words · target 150 words · 9 min

Introduction: Department-Related Standing Committees were constituted on 8 April 1993 by the Rules Committee; 24 DRSCs now cover the work of all 99 Ministries and Departments under the parliamentary engine room of scrutiny.

Body: Three dimensions show the weakening. First, constitutional source — Articles 105 (privileges) and 118 (rules of procedure); the Speaker constitutes committees on the floor, with the PAC, Estimates Committee and Committee on Public Undertakings as Financial Committees. Second, function — PRS data shows only 16% of Bills referred in the 17th Lok Sabha against 71% in the 15th; the RTI Amendment Bill 2019 and Telecommunications Bill 2023 bypassed committees. Third, systemic gaps — no Member-level research staff, no legislation sub-committee, and the anti-defection whip eroding free debate.

Conclusion: Mandatory referral norms, public hearings on Bills and a Parliamentary Budget Office on the US-Australia model — the NCRWC 2002 line — would revive committee scrutiny.

Key points

What an examiner expects to see

  • DRSCs constituted 8 April 1993 — initially 17, now 24
  • Articles 105 and 118 — privileges and rules of procedure
  • Public Accounts Committee, Estimates Committee, Committee on Public Undertakings as Financial Committees
  • PRS Vital Stats — 16% Bills referred to DRSCs in 17th Lok Sabha
  • Joint Parliamentary Committee on Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill 2024
  • NCRWC 2002 recommended pre-legislative consultation
  • Standing Committees do not require government acceptance of recommendations
Examples to use

Concrete cases, schemes and judgments

  • DRSC on Education — NEP 2020 review
  • DRSC on Personnel — RTI Amendment Bill 2019 (not referred)
  • Public Accounts Committee on PMC Bank, Coal Block reports
  • Joint Parliamentary Committee — Waqf Amendment Bill 2024
  • Estimates Committee 1950 — founded by Speaker G.V. Mavalankar
Keywords / terms

Terminology to weave into the answer

DRSCsArticle 105Bill scrutinyPACEstimates CommitteeJPCpre-legislative consultation
Sources to read

Primary sources and verified references

Parliamentary Committees in India — Anantam IAS https://anantamias.com/parliamentary-committees-india/ Standing Committee Reports — Anantam IAS https://anantamias.com/standing-committee-report-summary-key-points/ PRS Legislative Research — Parliament Committees https://prsindia.org/parliamenttrack/parliamentary-committees

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