Consider the following statements:
- The principle of 'Procedure Established by Law' is not mentioned in the Constitution; the Supreme Court adopted it after the Maneka Gandhi case.
- The principle of 'Due Process of Law' is mentioned in the Constitution.
- "Procedure Established by Law" ensures that the law is as it ought to be - just and reasonable, whereas Due Process is about how the law is made.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are true?
Correct answer: D
Explanation
All three statements are wrong. 'Procedure Established by Law' is expressly written into Article 21, so statement 1 misstates it as absent. 'Due Process of Law' is the American doctrine and is not mentioned in the Indian Constitution, so statement 2 is false. Statement 3 reverses the definitions: due process tests whether a law is just and reasonable, while procedure established by law only checks that a valid procedure was followed.