UPSC CSE 2026 Essay Paper Discussion
GS Paper 3 10 marks · 150w 9 min Easy

List the main pillars of India’s food security framework under the NFSA 2013 and explain the role of POSHAN 2.0.

Subtopic: Agriculture · Food security

Model answer outline

How to structure your answer

Introduction: National Food Security Act 2013 covers 67% of population; POSHAN Abhiyaan launched 2018; POSHAN 2.0 (Mission Saksham Anganwadi) merged ICDS, POSHAN, Scheme for Adolescent Girls in 2021.

Body: 1) Pillars — entitlement (5 kg/person), AAY 35 kg/household, Mid-Day Meal/PM POSHAN. 2) POSHAN 2.0 — Saksham Anganwadis (2 lakh upgraded), Take Home Ration, IT-Poshan Tracker (10+ crore beneficiaries). 3) NFHS-5 stunting 35.5%, wasting 19.3%.

Way forward: Millet inclusion in PDS under International Year of Millets 2023 follow-through; fortify wheat-rice; convergence with Jal Jeevan Mission for nutrition outcomes.

Full model answer

Written within the word limit

136 words · target 150 words · 9 min

Introduction: The National Food Security Act 2013 covers 67% of India's population — 81.35 crore beneficiaries; POSHAN 2.0 (Mission Saksham Anganwadi) merged ICDS, POSHAN Abhiyaan and the Scheme for Adolescent Girls in 2021 under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Body: First, NFSA's three pillars are entitlement-based grain (5 kg/person/month), AAY's 35 kg/household for 1.5 crore households, and PM POSHAN (rebranded Mid-Day Meal scheme since September 2021). Second, POSHAN 2.0 operates through 2 lakh upgraded Saksham Anganwadis, Take Home Ration, and the Poshan Tracker IT platform covering 10+ crore beneficiaries with real-time growth monitoring. Third, NFHS-5 stunting at 35.5% and wasting at 19.3% mark the unfinished nutrition agenda, with Anaemia Mukt Bharat layered on top.

Way forward: Mainstream millets in PDS following the International Year of Millets 2023, expand rice fortification under MoCAFPD, converge POSHAN 2.0 with Jal Jeevan Mission for WASH outcomes, and target SDG-2 zero hunger by 2030.

Key points

What an examiner expects to see

  • NFSA 2013 — 67% population
  • POSHAN 2.0 (Mission Saksham Anganwadi) 2021
  • Poshan Tracker 10+ crore beneficiaries
  • NFHS-5: stunting 35.5%, wasting 19.3%
  • PM POSHAN (rebranded Mid-Day Meal) since Sep 2021
  • AAY — 35 kg/household
Examples to use

Concrete cases, schemes and judgments

  • Saksham Anganwadi 2 lakh upgrade
  • International Year of Millets 2023
  • Anaemia Mukt Bharat
  • Fortified rice in PDS
Keywords / terms

Terminology to weave into the answer

NFSAPOSHAN 2.0Saksham AnganwadiPM POSHANAAYfortification
Sources to read

Primary sources and verified references

MWCD — POSHAN Tracker Reports https://wcd.gov.in/ Anantam IAS — Food Security https://anantamias.com/food-security/

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