Who of the following was/were economic critic/critics of colonialism in India? 1. Dadabhai Naoroji 2. Subramania Iyer 3. R.C. Dutt Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Statement 1 is Correct: Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the 'Grand Old Man of India', was a pioneer in the economic critique of British rule. He formulated the 'Drain of Wealth' theory and authored the influential book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' (published in 1901), which argued that British policies were the primary cause of India's poverty.
Statement 2 is Correct: G. Subramania Iyer was a prominent journalist and economist who co-founded 'The Hindu'. He criticized colonial economic policies through his writings and his book 'Some Economic Aspects of British Rule in India' (1903), highlighting how British rule led to economic stagnation.
Statement 3 is Correct: Romesh Chandra (R.C.) Dutt was a retired ICS officer who wrote the seminal work 'The Economic History of India' (published in two volumes in 1902 and 1904). He meticulously documented the negative impact of British land revenue systems and trade policies on the Indian economy.