Consider the following events: 1. The first democratically elected communist party government formed in a State in India. 2. India’s then largest bank, ‘Imperial Bank of India’, was renamed ‘State Bank of India’. 3. Air India was nationalised and became the national carrier. 4. Goa became a part of independent India. Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events?
Explanation
The correct chronological sequence is determined by the following historical events:
1. Air India Nationalisation (1953): Air India was nationalised following the enactment of the Air Corporations Act, 1953. The Government of India acquired a majority stake in the airline from the Tata Group, establishing it as the national carrier.
2. Renaming of Imperial Bank to SBI (1955): Based on the recommendations of the All India Rural Credit Survey Committee (Gorewala Committee), the State Bank of India Act was passed. On July 1, 1955, the Imperial Bank of India was renamed the State Bank of India (SBI).
3. First Communist Government in a State (1957): In the 1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly elections, the Communist Party of India (CPI) won a majority. E.M.S. Namboodiripad formed the government, marking the first time a Communist party was democratically elected to power in an Indian state.
4. Goa becoming part of India (1961): Goa was liberated from Portuguese rule on December 19, 1961, through 'Operation Vijay'. Following its liberation, Goa (along with Daman and Diu) was incorporated into India as a Union Territory by the 12th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1962. It attained full statehood much later, on May 30, 1987.
Chronological Order: 3 (1953) - 2 (1955) - 1 (1957) - 4 (1961).