Which of the following are regarded as the main features of the “Rule of Law”? 1. Limitation of powers 2. Equality before law 3. People’s responsibility to the Government 4. Liberty and civil rights Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
The Rule of Law is a fundamental principle of governance that ensures all individuals, institutions, and the State itself are subject to and accountable under laws that are publicly known, equally enforced, and independently adjudicated. Let's analyze each option in this context:
Limitation of powers: The Rule of Law restricts arbitrary use of power by ensuring that no person or authority, including the government, is above the law. This maintains a system of checks and balances.
Equality before law: A core principle of the Rule of Law is "equality before the law" (Article 14 of the Indian Constitution), ensuring that all individuals, irrespective of rank or status, are treated equally.
People's responsibility to the Government: The Rule of Law primarily focuses on the government's accountability to the people, ensuring that it functions within the legal framework. It does not impose an obligation on citizens to be accountable to the government in the same way.
Liberty and civil rights: The Rule of Law safeguards fundamental rights, protecting individual freedoms, justice, and civil liberties from arbitrary actions of the state.
Hence, the correct answer is option (C) 1, 2, and 4 only.