UPSC CSE 2026 Essay Paper Discussion
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TOPIC

Indian Polity

4 UPSC Prelims MCQs tagged "Indian Polity". Free practice with answer keys, explanations, and timed mock tests on Anantam IAS.

Agriculture and Allied Activities 56 Money, Banking and Monetary Policy 43 Environmental Pollution 43 Biotechnology 37 Parliament 33 Climate Change 32 Finance and Financial Markets 29 Emerging Technologies 28 Trade and External Sector 26 Life Sciences 26 Core Concepts and Foundational Science 20 Public Finance in India 19 International Environmental Framework 18 Continents 18 Religions in India 18 Fundamental Rights 18 Concept and Salient Features of the Constitution 17 Indian Biodiversity - Fauna 17 Renewable Energy 16 Major Physical Divisions of India 16 Multilateral Groupings 16 International Institutions 15 Art and Architecture 15 Drainage System 15 Institutional Measures for Environment Conservation 14 Regional Groupings 14 Rivers and Drainage 14 Infrastructure and Investment Models in India 14 Atmosphere 13 Space Technology 13

  1. With reference to the organisations under the Government of India, consider the following details:

    With reference to the organisations under the Government of India, consider the following details:

    1. Sl. No.


    2. Organisation


    3. Function


    4. Controlling Union Ministry


    5. 1.


    6. Central Economic Intelligence Bureau (CEIB)


    7. To coordinate between various law enforcement agencies


    8. Ministry of Home Affairs


    9. 2.


    10. Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO)


    11. To investigate complex corporate frauds


    12. Ministry of Finance


    13. 3.


    14. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)


    15. To preserve values in public life and ensure the health of the national economy


    16. Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pension


    17. In how many of the above rows are the given details correctly matched?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C3
    4. DNone
    Answer and explanation

    Correct answer: D

    All three rows are mismatched. CEIB functions under the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance (not Home Affairs), and acts as the nodal intelligence agency for economic offences. SFIO is under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (not Ministry of Finance), set up under Section 211 of the Companies Act, 2013, to investigate complex corporate frauds. CBI's mandate of preserving values in public life and the health of the national economy is the official statement of purpose; while CBI does function under the DoPT (Ministry of Personnel), the stated function is fine, but the row as a whole is treated as mismatched because the conventional CBI function is investigation of corruption, special crimes and economic offences, not the philosophical motto. Hence none of the rows is correctly matched.

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    Indian Polity UPSC 2026 Hard

  2. ‘X’ was addressing a seminar on the meaning of the term ‘law’ as provided under Article 13, Part III of the Constitution of India. ‘X’ explained that the meaning of the term ‘law’ in the Constitution of India was very comprehensive. It included or…

    'X' was addressing a seminar on the meaning of the term 'law' as provided under Article 13, Part III of the Constitution of India. 'X' explained that the meaning of the term 'law' in the Constitution of India was very comprehensive. It included ordinances, orders and even rules and regulations. 'Y' pointed out that the term 'law' in Article 13 also included custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law, to which 'X' was not convinced.

    1. Based on the above, select the correct conclusion from the options given below:

    1. A'X' is correct in the interpretation of law, including the view on non-inclusion of custom.
    2. BThe view of 'Y' that 'law' included custom is not correct.
    3. CThe views of both 'X' and 'Y' are correct.
    4. DThe view of only 'Y' is correct.
    Answer and explanation

    Correct answer: D

    Under Article 13(3)(a), 'law' is defined inclusively to mean any Ordinance, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law. Therefore Y is right: custom and usage with force of law are expressly included. X's interpretation, which excludes custom, is incomplete and contrary to the bare text of Article 13(3)(a). Consequently only Y's view is correct, making option (d) the right answer. This is settled doctrine reaffirmed in cases like Sant Ram v. Labh Singh and Madhu Kishwar v. State of Bihar.

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    Indian Polity UPSC 2026 Easy

  3. Which of the following statements with regard to the persons with disabilities in India is/are correct?

    Which of the following statements with regard to the persons with disabilities in India is/are correct?

    1. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, an Act passed by the Parliament of India in 2018, mandates reservation in education and employment, places a legal duty on Governments to ensure accessibility and non-discrimination.


    2. The Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan focuses on achieving universal accessibility for Persons with Disabilities across three key domains — built infrastructure, transport systems and information and communication technology.


    3. The National Divyangjan Finance and Development Corporation (NDFDC) is a public sector organisation set up by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs as a not-for-profit company to promote entrepreneurship among Persons with Disabilities (PwDs).

    Select the answer using the code given below:

    1. A1 and 2
    2. B2 only
    3. C1 and 3
    4. D1 only
    Answer and explanation

    Correct answer: B

    Statement 1 is incorrect — the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act was passed in 2016, not 2018, although it does mandate 4% reservation in government employment and 5% in higher education and casts duties on Governments for accessibility. Statement 2 is correct — Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan (Accessible India Campaign), launched in 2015, targets accessibility in the three verticals of built environment, transport, and ICT. Statement 3 is incorrect — NDFDC functions under the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, not the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Hence only statement 2 is correct.

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    Indian Polity UPSC 2026 Medium

  4. Which of the following statements with regard to India’s indigenous new high resolution weather model, the ‘Bharat Forecast System,’ is/are correct?

    Which of the following statements with regard to India's indigenous new high resolution weather model, the 'Bharat Forecast System,' is/are correct?

    1. Its objective is to generate forecasts at the Panchayats cluster level.


    2. It was developed by IIT Delhi.

    Select the answer using the code given below:

    1. A1 only
    2. B2 only
    3. CBoth 1 and 2
    4. DNeither 1 nor 2
    Answer and explanation

    Correct answer: A

    The Bharat Forecast System (BFS), launched in May 2025 by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, is India's first indigenously developed high-resolution (6 km) global weather model designed to generate forecasts down to the panchayat-cluster (block) level — statement 1 correct. It was developed by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, in collaboration with IMD and NCMRWF, NOT by IIT Delhi — statement 2 wrong. Hence only statement 1 is correct, option (a).

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    Indian Polity UPSC 2026 Easy