National Green Hydrogen Mission of India: Targets, Outlay, and Sector Roadmap Explained
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on India's National Green Hydrogen Mission, approved in 2023 with an outlay of Rs 19,744 crore. Covers the 5…
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
India’s Fusion Programme: ADITYA, SST-1, and the Long Road from Plasma Lab to Commercial Power
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on India's magnetic confinement fusion programme. Covers the ADITYA tokamak, the SST-1 superconducting tokamak, the planned SST-2 bridge device,…
Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs): Production, Mechanism, and India’s Approval Landscape
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on monoclonal antibodies. Covers what mAbs are, hybridoma and recombinant production methods, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses in cancer…
Tiger (Panthera tigris): UPSC Guide to the Subspecies, Biology, and India’s Conservation Story
A complete UPSC GS-III guide to the tiger Panthera tigris. Covers the six living and three extinct subspecies, biology and behaviour, India's tiger census…
Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra): Habitat, Range in India, Conservation Status
The Eurasian otter is a semi-aquatic mammal and an indicator of healthy freshwater ecosystems. UPSC notes on Lutra lutra biology, Indian range across Western…
Layered Air Defence of India: S-400, Akash, Barak and the Multi-Tier Shield Explained
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on India's layered air defence architecture. Covers the five-tier shield from S-400 Triumf at the outer ring to Igla…
Kessler Syndrome: How Space Junk Could Cascade and Lock Humanity Out of Low Earth Orbit
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on Kessler Syndrome, the runaway debris cascade scenario in Low Earth Orbit. Covers Donald Kessler's 1978 paper, the physics…
Ranthambore National Park: UPSC Guide to Rajasthan’s Tiger Capital
A complete UPSC GS-III guide to Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan. Covers the Aravalli-Vindhya ecotone, 1973 Project Tiger origin, the Ranthambore Fort…
Pulicat Lake: India’s Second Largest Brackish Lagoon, UPSC Notes
Pulicat Lake straddles Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu on India's east coast and is the country's second largest brackish water lagoon after Chilika. Full…
India Meteorological Department (IMD): Mandate, Network, Forecast Products
IMD is India's national agency for weather, climate, and seismology under the Ministry of Earth Sciences. Detailed UPSC notes on its mandate, observation network,…
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD): Rio 1992 to COP 16 — Full UPSC Guide
The CBD is the legally binding global treaty on biodiversity. Cartagena, Nagoya, KMGBF 30x30, COP 16 Cali Fund — full UPSC guide with India's…
Himalayan Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster): UPSC Guide to India’s Endangered Alpine Survivor
A complete UPSC GS-III guide to the Himalayan musk deer. Covers biology, the musk pod controversy, IUCN Endangered status, Schedule I protection, CITES Appendix…