Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB): Open Borders, Stay-Behind Roots and the SSB Act
Sashastra Seema Bal explained: its 1963 origin, the open Nepal and Bhutan borders it guards, the SSB Act 2007 and how it differs from…
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
Vikramshila University: Dharmapala’s Mahavihara, Its Gate Scholars and Atisha
Vikramshila University explained: Dharmapala's Tantric mahavihara at Antichak, its six gate scholars, Atisha, how it ended and the new Central University plan.
Bekal Fort: Keladi Sea Fort, Mysore’s Coastal Station, Kerala’s Largest
Bekal Fort explained: the 40-acre laterite sea fort in Kasaragod, fortified by the Keladi Nayakas, taken by Hyder Ali in 1763 and by the…
Gingee Fort: Three Hill Citadels, Rajaram’s Refuge and a UNESCO Listing
Gingee Fort explained: the three-hill fortress of Tamil Nadu, from its Nayak builders and Shivaji to the Mughal siege of 1690-98 and its 2025…
Sirpur: Lakshmana Brick Temple, Buddhist Viharas and the Kosala Capital
Sirpur explained: the brick Lakshmana temple, the Buddhist viharas of ancient Shripura, the Panduvamshi capital on the Mahanadi and its UNESCO status.
Hill Forts of Rajasthan: Six UNESCO Forts, Four Terrains and Who Built Them
Hill Forts of Rajasthan explained: the six forts UNESCO listed together in 2013, the terrain each one uses, the Rajput states behind them and…
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus: Stevens’s Gothic Station, Its Names and UNESCO
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus explained: Stevens's Gothic station for the GIP Railway, its three names, the 2004 UNESCO listing and the CSMT redevelopment.
Salher Fort: The Baglan Passes, the Battle of Salher and UNESCO Status
Salher Fort explained: the Baglan hill fort the Marathas took in 1671, the Battle of Salher of 1672, its Gaikwad years and its 2025…
Vijaydurg Fort: Triple Walls, the Angre Navy and an Underwater Wall
Vijaydurg Fort explained: the coastal fort on the Vaghotan creek that Shivaji rebuilt, the Angres ruled from and a British-Peshwa attack took in 1756.
Fort William, Kolkata: Two Forts, Plassey Money and the Vijay Durg Name
Fort William, Kolkata explained: the 1696 fort Siraj-ud-Daula took, the octagonal citadel begun after Plassey and its new name, Vijay Durg.
Ranthambore Fort: Chauhan Stronghold, Khalji’s Siege and UNESCO’s Forest Fort
Ranthambore Fort explained: its Chauhan origins, the 1301 siege of Hammir Dev, later Mewar, Mughal and Jaipur rule and its place on UNESCO's list.
Panhala Fort: Shilahara Origins, the 1660 Siege and Tarabai’s Capital
Panhala Fort explained: the Shilahara hill-plateau fort near Kolhapur, Shivaji's 1660 escape, Tarabai's capital and its place in the 2025 UNESCO listing.