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Practice UPSC New previous year questions on Anantam IAS: 0 Prelims MCQs and 596 Mains Q&A with answer keys, explanations and topic-wise links.
Prelims MCQs 0
No Prelims MCQs from New yet.
Mains Q&A 596
India’s sex ratio at birth has improved from 918 in NFHS-4 to 929 in NFHS-5, yet ten states still report ratios below 900. Examine the persistence of son preference and assess the effectiveness of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao initiative.
Manual scavenging stands banned in India since 1993, yet the government’s own data records 294 sewer and septic-tank deaths between 2020 and 2024. Critically analyse the definitional gap and the shift from rehabilitation to mechanisation under NAMASTE.
Critical minerals are the new strategic resources of the 21st century. Examine India’s endowment, import dependence and the 2023 critical minerals policy framework.
India’s age-old saying that ‘the family is the social security of the poor’ is breaking down. Examine the structural drivers of family change with reference to nuclearisation, ruralisation of ageing and rural-urban migration.
Communalism in India is less an inheritance of religious difference and more a modern political construction. Discuss with reference to the colonial legacy and post-1947 communal incidents.
India’s Total Fertility Rate has fallen to 1.9 — below replacement level — yet the country’s working-age share is still rising. Explain this paradox and assess what it means for the demographic dividend.
Solar energy is the central pillar of India’s energy transition strategy. Examine the targets, the geography of deployment and the technical bottlenecks.
The Indian Ocean Dipole now rivals ENSO as a determinant of Indian monsoon variability. Examine the mechanism, phases and forecasting implications.
Mangrove ecosystems are India’s most cost-effective coastal infrastructure. Examine their distribution, ecological role and the policy regime that protects them.
India’s biodiversity hotspots are concentrated in four physiographically distinct regions, each with a different conservation challenge. Compare the Western Ghats, Eastern Himalaya, Indo-Burma and Sundaland hotspots.
India’s iron ore endowment is unmatched in Asia but its industrial geography of steel does not always follow the ore. Examine the spatial mismatch and its implications for industrial policy.
India’s port-led development under Sagarmala is reshaping the economic geography of the coast. Critically examine its components, progress and concerns.
The Green Revolution and the White Revolution were technologically distinct but politically continuous projects of post-1947 Indian state. Compare their methods, regional spread and unintended consequences.
The Emergency of 1975–77 and the 44th Amendment of 1978 together define what a constitutional democracy must not do. Discuss with reference to the protected scope of fundamental rights.
India’s Indo-Pakistan wars between 1947 and 1971 reshaped the subcontinent’s political map and its strategic doctrine. Trace this transformation.
India sits on three crustal blocks with very different seismic histories, and earthquake risk in India is concentrated where the population is rising fastest. Examine the geomorphology and the policy response.
The Himalayan ranges are not a single mountain wall but a layered geological-ecological complex with distinct hydrological roles. Examine with reference to the Greater, Lesser and Outer Himalaya.
Cloudbursts in the Himalayan states are becoming more frequent and more destructive in a warming climate. Examine their causes, recent occurrences and the gaps in India’s early-warning framework.
Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) was a textbook of disciplined peasant mobilisation under colonial rule. Discuss the methods and the leadership that made it possible.