Unified Lending Interface (ULI): RBI’s Credit Rail Explained (UPSC Economy)
The Unified Lending Interface (ULI) is RBI's attempt to do for lending what UPI did for payments: a common, consent-based rail that pulls a…
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
PM Internship Scheme: Features, Eligibility and Significance (UPSC Governance)
The PM Internship Scheme wants to put 1 crore young Indians inside the country's top 500 companies over five years. Here is what it…
The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025: Key Changes, Debates and Significance (UPSC Polity)
The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025 — which the government renamed the UMEED Act — is one of the most contested laws of the decade.…
The New Income-Tax Act, 2025: What Changes and Why It Matters (UPSC Economy)
The Income-Tax Act, 2025 retires the six-decade-old 1961 law and comes into force from 1 April 2026. It is a structural rewrite — shorter,…
The American Revolution: The Birth of a Republic
From the Stamp Act to the 1787 Constitution: how thirteen British colonies threw off an empire and built the first modern republic founded on…
India’s Internal Security Grid: Forces, Agencies and Coordination
Police is a State subject, but the threats it faces are national. This is a clear, current map of India's internal security forces and…
Indus Dice: Echoes of India’s Living Civilisation
A 4,500-year-old terracotta dice from the Indus Valley Civilisation is still instantly recognisable to any Indian child. That small fact opens a large idea:…
Media Freedom in India: A Free Press Under Pressure
A UPSC Mains GS2 editorial on press freedom in India, weighing RSF's 2026 ranking and the Government's methodology objection against Article 19 jurisprudence.
India’s Education Spending: Still Chasing the 6% Promise
A UPSC Mains GS2 editorial on India's education spending: the unmet 6%-of-GDP target since Kothari 1966, the two spending measures, and the learning crisis…
Paper Leaks and the Crisis of Exam Integrity
A UPSC Mains GS2 editorial on India's exam-leak crisis, the Public Examinations Act 2024, and why deterrence alone can't fix a fragile testing system.
Local Government at 30+: The Unfinished 73rd and 74th Amendments
A UPSC Mains GS2 editorial on India's third tier of government — why the 73rd and 74th Amendments empowered local bodies on paper while…
Parliament’s Decline: Fewer Sittings, Less Scrutiny
A UPSC Mains GS2 editorial on the decline of parliamentary scrutiny in India: falling sitting days, collapsing committee referral, the money-bill route, and what…