Halari Donkey: Gujarat’s Threatened Indigenous Breed and Why It Matters
The Halari donkey is an indigenous breed from Gujarat's Halar region with only 439 individuals left. Origin, traits, cultural role, threats, and UPSC pointers.
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
New Quota Policy and Regulations for Ladakh 2025: Article 240, 85% Domicile Reservation, and the Sixth Schedule Demand
Ladakh's 2025 regulations under Article 240 explained: 85% domicile job quota, 15-year residency rule, Bhoti and Purgi as official languages, 33% women's reservation in…
Crypto Assets and Virtual Digital Assets in India: VDA Definition, 30% Tax, TDS, PMLA, and the CARF Roadmap
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on Crypto Assets and Virtual Digital Assets in India. Covers the VDA definition under the Finance Act, the flat…
Quality Council of India (QCI): The PPP Accreditation Body, NABL/NABH/NABCB and the Surajya Framework
Quality Council of India explained: PPP society set up in 1997, DPIIT as nodal ministry, five constituent boards (NABL, NABH, NABCB, NABET, NBQP), Surajya…
Disaster Management Act 2005 vs Amendment 2024: What Has Actually Changed
Compare the Disaster Management Act 2005 with the 2024 Amendment: NDMA-SDMA powers, UDMA for cities, statutory SDRF, civil penalties, and UPSC-ready analysis.
Revised SO₂ Norms for Thermal Power Plants: What India’s 2025 Notification Changes
India's 2025 SO2 norms exempt 75% of thermal capacity (Category C) and shift Category B to case-by-case. Why MoEFCC relaxed rules, FGD timeline, and…
Doctrine of Prospective Overruling: Golak Nath 1967, Article 142 and the Mineral Rights Verdict 2024
Doctrine of prospective overruling explained: American origin, Indian debut in Golak Nath 1967, the Article 142 power, the Mineral Area Development Authority 2024 verdict…
Deer vs Antelope: Antlers, Horns, and the Indian Species You Should Know
Deer vs antelope explained: antlers vs horns, shed vs permanent, family classification, Indian species like chital, sambar, blackbuck, nilgai, and UPSC pointers.
Ramjet vs Scramjet: Air-Breathing Engines, Mach Range, and India’s Hypersonic Programme
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on Ramjet vs Scramjet engines. Covers air-breathing propulsion, the Mach range of each engine, the BrahMos cruise missile, the…
Cheetah vs Leopard: Anatomy, Behaviour, and India’s Reintroduction Story
Cheetah vs leopard explained: solid spots vs rosettes, sprinter vs ambusher, semi-retractable vs retractable claws, India's Kuno reintroduction, and UPSC pointers.
Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025: E-Sports, Social Games and the Money-Game Ban
Online Gaming Act 2025 explained: NOGC regulator, the e-sports vs social games vs money games classification, MeitY framework, federal conflict over Entry 34 List…
Life Cycle of a Star: Nebula to White Dwarf, Neutron Star, and Black Hole
A complete UPSC GS-III explainer on the life cycle of stars. Covers nebulae, protostars, main sequence, red giants and supergiants, supernovae, white dwarfs, neutron…