Aditya-L1: India’s First Space-Based Solar Observatory Explained
Aditya-L1 mission explained: ISRO's solar observatory at Lagrange L1, payloads, objectives, comparison with Parker Solar Probe and SOHO. UPSC GS-III.
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Study Notes
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Copyright Fair Dealing in India: Section 52, ANI vs YouTubers and the Civic Chandran Test
Copyright fair dealing in India explained: Section 52 exceptions, ANI vs YouTubers Delhi HC ruling, Civic Chandran three factor test, India fair dealing vs…
Wildlife Protection Act and Wild Boars as Vermin: 2022 Amendment, Schedules, UPSC
Wildlife Protection Act and the wild boar vermin debate: 2022 amendment, four schedules, vermin procedure, Section 62, Kerala demand, full UPSC notes.
Vice-President Election 2025: Article 66, Electoral College and the Single Transferable Vote
Vice-President election 2025 explained: Article 66 electoral college of 788 MPs, single transferable vote, Returning Officer, removal under Article 67(b) and Article 71 disputes.
Latest Added Ramsar Sites in India: Complete List, Features, UPSC Notes
Latest Ramsar sites added to India's Wetland network: state-wise list, ecological features, conservation context, and UPSC prelims plus mains pointers.
Euclid Mission: ESA’s Six-Year Hunt for Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Euclid mission explained: ESA telescope at L2, VIS and NISP payloads, dark matter and dark energy survey, comparison with JWST, Hubble, Roman, and ground…
UPSC at 100: 1926 to 2026, Article 315 and a Century of the Steel Frame
UPSC at 100 explained: from the 1926 Public Service Commission to Article 315, composition under Article 316, Mission Karmayogi, lateral entry and exam reforms.
India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Programme: Bhabha’s Blueprint from Uranium to Thorium
India's three-stage nuclear programme explained: PHWR > FBR > AHWR, thorium cycle, key reactors (Tarapur, Kudankulam, Kalpakkam), regulators (DAE, AERB, NPCIL, BHAVINI).
National Cooperative Policy 2025: Pillars, Targets and the Sahkar-se-Samriddhi Vision
National Cooperative Policy 2025 explained: 6 pillars, Sahkar-se-Samriddhi vision, PACS computerization, Tribhuvan Sahkari University, 97th Amendment and key targets.
UNFCCC Explained: Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, and the Road from COP 28 to COP 30
Comprehensive UPSC guide to the UNFCCC: Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, COP outcomes, NDCs, climate finance, and India's stance. Learn for GS-III.
Legal Aid in India: 30 Years of NALSA, Article 39A and Lok Adalats
Legal aid in India and 30 years of NALSA explained: Article 39A, Legal Services Authorities Act 1987, Lok Adalats, Section 12 eligibility, LADCS and…
Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2024: India’s Biggest IPR Reform Since 2003 Explained
Patents Amendment Rules 2024 unpacked: shorter examination, simpler Form 27, inventor certificate, pre-grant fees, and what changes for startups, scientists, and corporates.