YEAR ASKED IN

GPSC-2026

Practice UPSC GPSC-2026 previous year questions on Anantam IAS: 200 Prelims MCQs with answer keys, explanations and topic-wise links.

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Prelims MCQs 200

Consider the following statements regarding climate change:
Consider the following statements regarding climate change:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 1 and 3
3. COnly 1 and 2
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A
The standard climate-change account for India notes that floods and droughts are becoming more frequent, so statement 1 is right. There is no established sharp rise in the number of tropical cyclones, only shifts in their intensity and tracks, so statement 2 doesn't hold. A steady rise in humidity across central India isn't a documented trend either, so statement 3 fails. Only statement 1 is correct.
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Geography UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following statements regarding petroleum:
Consider the following statements regarding petroleum:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 1 and 3
3. COnly 2 and 3
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D
India's petroleum demand has been climbing fast on the back of rising transport and industrial use (statement 1), and petroleum is consumed across transport, industry, domestic and agricultural sectors (statement 2). Better transport efficiency cuts fuel use, so improving transport facilities does help conserve petroleum (statement 3). All three statements hold.
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Geography UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
Match the following Vedas and Collections correctly:
Match the following Vedas and Collections correctly:
1. A1b, 2a, 3d, 4-c
2. B1-c, 2-b, 3a, 4-d
3. C1d, 2b, 3-c, 4-a
4. D1a, 2c, 3b, 4-d
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D
The Atharvaveda holds spells and incantations, fitting the "Tantra and Mantra" collection (2-c), and the Yajurveda carries the sacrificial formulas, fitting the ritual "Bali sutra" collection (4-d). The Rigveda and Samaveda are both song collections, mapped to the devotional and sacred song entries (1-a and 3-b). That gives 1a, 2c, 3b, 4d.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Hard
With reference to the recently established ‘Board of Peace’ concerning the Gaza conflict, consider…
With reference to the recently established 'Board of Peace' concerning the Gaza conflict, consider the following statements:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 2
3. CBoth 1 and 2
4. DNeither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
The Board of Peace is chaired by US President Donald Trump, not the UN Secretary-General, so statement 1 is wrong. India did attend the inaugural Washington meeting in February 2026 as an observer, represented by diplomat Namgya Khampa, so statement 2 is correct. Only statement 2 stands.
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Current Affairs UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
1. ABoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. BBoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. CAssertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
4. DAssertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A
Judicial review is firmly recognised as part of the Basic Structure of the Constitution, so the Assertion is true. The power exists precisely so the courts can keep the Constitution supreme over ordinary parliamentary action, which is what the Reason says, so the Reason is true and explains the Assertion.
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Indian Polity UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
In the context of the Indian freedom movement, what was recommended in the Motilal…
In the context of the Indian freedom movement, what was recommended in the Motilal Nehru Committee Report?
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 2 and 3
3. COnly 1 and 3
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
The Nehru Report of 1928 asked for Dominion Status, not complete independence, so statement 1 is wrong. It backed joint electorates with reserved seats for minorities (statement 2) and laid out a detailed list of Fundamental Rights that later shaped the Constitution (statement 3). So only 2 and 3 are correct.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Which of the following initiatives are primarily aimed at strengthening digital governance and digital…
Which of the following initiatives are primarily aimed at strengthening digital governance and digital public infrastructure in India?
1. AOnly 1 and 2
2. BOnly 2 and 3
3. COnly 1 and 3
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D
Digital India is the umbrella programme for e-governance and digital service delivery, Aadhaar provides the digital identity layer, and UPI powers instant digital payments. Together they form the backbone of India's Digital Public Infrastructure. All three fit the description.
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Science & Technology UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
Choose the option that correctly matches List-I and List-II:
Choose the option that correctly matches List-I and List-II:
1. Aa-2, b-1, c-3, d-4, e-5
2. Ba-1, b-2, c-3, d-4, e-5
3. Ca-2, b-3, c-1, d-4, e-5
4. Da-3, b-1, c-2, d-4, e-5
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A
The Indian Councils Act of 1909 (Morley-Minto) brought in separate communal electorates, the Government of India Act of 1935 introduced provincial autonomy, and the Montagu Declaration of 1917 promised responsible government. The Government of India Act of 1858 transferred power from the Company to the Crown, and the Indian Councils Act of 1861 began the legislative councils. That gives a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4, e-5.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of Forest Policy, 2018:
Consider the following statements regarding the objectives of Forest Policy, 2018:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 1 and 3
3. COnly 2 and 3
4. DOnly 2
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C
Only statements 2 (public-private partnership for degraded forests) and 3 (urban green belts) are listed objectives → (C). On statement 1: regulation of grazing does appear in the 2018 draft forest policy, but in its strategy / management-plan section (working plans, community participation), not among the stated objectives — so when the question asks strictly for objectives, only 2 and 3 qualify.
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Environment UPSC GPSC-2026 Hard
Match the following Indus Valley Civilization sites and States correctly:
Match the following Indus Valley Civilization sites and States correctly:
1. A1a, 2b, 3-c, 4-d
2. B1c, 2a, 3-b, 4-d
3. C1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
4. D1-a, 2-c, 3-d, 4-b
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C
Surkotada lies in Kutch in Gujarat, Ropar sits in Punjab, Rakhigarhi and Banawali are both in Haryana, and Kalibangan is in Rajasthan. Matching them gives 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b. Only option C lines all four up correctly.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
1. ABoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. BBoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. CAssertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
4. DAssertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C
BRICS was indeed set up to deepen cooperation among major emerging economies, so the Assertion is true. The Reason is false because South Africa was not a founding member; the original 2009 grouping was BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China), and South Africa joined only in 2010. So the Assertion is correct but the Reason is incorrect.
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International Relations UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Which of the following have been recognised as part of the Basic Structure of…
Which of the following have been recognised as part of the Basic Structure of the Constitution?
1. AOnly 1, 2 and 3
2. BOnly 1 and 4
3. C1, 2, 3 and 4
4. DOnly 2 and 4
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A
The Supreme Court has held judicial review, federalism and the rule of law to be part of the Basic Structure. Supremacy of Parliament is not, since the Constitution, not Parliament, is supreme in India, and parliamentary sovereignty in the British sense doesn't apply here. So only 1, 2 and 3 qualify.
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Indian Polity UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following statements:
Consider the following statements:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 2
3. CBoth 1 and 2
4. DNeither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C
The 1911-1921 decade recorded a fall in India's population, driven mainly by the 1918-19 influenza pandemic and famines, so the 1921 census registered a negative growth rate. That same year marks the turning point after which growth turned consistently positive and rapid, which is why 1921 is called the "Year of the Great Divide" or demographic divide. Both statements are correct.
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Indian Society UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
Which state/s supported the British in suppressing the Revolt of 1857?
Which state/s supported the British in suppressing the Revolt of 1857?
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 1 and 2
3. COnly 2 and 3
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
Scindia of Gwalior and the Nizam of Hyderabad both stayed loyal and actively helped the British crush the 1857 uprising, so 1 and 2 are correct. The Begum of Awadh, Hazrat Mahal, was a rebel leader who fought the British and put her son Birjis Qadr on the throne of Awadh, so 3 is wrong. That leaves only 1 and 2.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following statements regarding the United Nations Security Council:
Consider the following statements regarding the United Nations Security Council:
1. AOnly 1 and 3
2. BOnly 1, 3 and 4
3. COnly 1, 2 and 3
4. D1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
Each of the five permanent members can veto substantive resolutions (statement 1), a resolution needs at least nine affirmative votes to pass (statement 3), and non-permanent members serve a two-year term with no immediate re-election (statement 4). Statement 2 is wrong because the veto applies only to substantive matters, not procedural ones. So 1, 3 and 4 are correct.
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International Relations UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
1. ABoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. BBoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. CAssertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
4. DAssertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A
The 43rd Amendment (1977) rolled back several provisions the 42nd Amendment had inserted, so the Assertion is right. One of its central acts was repealing the articles that had curtailed the writ jurisdiction of the High Courts and the Supreme Court, restoring their power of judicial review, so the Reason is right too. Since that restoration is precisely how the 43rd reversed the 42nd, the Reason explains the Assertion.
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Indian Polity UPSC GPSC-2026 Hard
Consider the following factors regarding the low population mobility in India before 1980 in…
Consider the following factors regarding the low population mobility in India before 1980 in terms of migration:
1. AOnly 1
2. BOnly 1 and 3
3. COnly 3
4. D1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D
Low education levels kept people from learning about and acting on distant opportunities, family customs and prejudice discouraged women from migrating, and farmers' deep emotional attachment to their land held them in place. All three were genuine drags on mobility before the 1980s. So every factor listed is correct.
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Indian Society UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
Which of the following statements is/are correct about Kabir?
Which of the following statements is/are correct about Kabir?
1. A1, 2, 3 and 4
2. BOnly 1, 3 and 4
3. COnly 2, 3 and 4
4. DOnly 1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
Kabir lived during the reign of Sikandar Lodi (1488-1517), so statement 1 holds, and he belonged to the Nirgun Bhakti tradition that worshipped a formless God, which makes statement 3 right. His verses survive as Sakhi, Sabad and Ramaini, gathered into the Bijak, so statement 4 captures the correct compilation. Statement 2 is wrong because Kabir didn't deliver sermons to a "Sikh community" compiled in a "Sabad" epic, so any option carrying statement 2 fails.
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History UPSC GPSC-2026 Medium
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
1. ABoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. BBoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. CAssertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
4. DAssertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B
Both statements are true — India became a full SCO member on 9 June 2017 (Astana summit), and the SCO does focus on regional security and economic cooperation in Eurasia. But the Reason only states the SCO's purpose; it doesn't explain why India joined as a full member. So both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A → (B).
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International Relations UPSC GPSC-2026 Easy
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
Consider the following Assertion and Reason:
1. ABoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. BBoth Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. CAssertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
4. DAssertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D
Defective question. The Assertion is false: after Kesavananda Bharati (1973), a constitutional amendment can be struck down only if it damages the Basic Structure — not merely because it affects a Fundamental Right. The Reason is also wrong as worded — Fundamental Rights are not 'superior to all other constitutional provisions'; Parliament can amend them under Article 368, subject only to the Basic Structure limit. With both the Assertion and the Reason false and no 'both false' option available, the item is defective; (D) is the least-wrong choice because it at least marks the Assertion as incorrect.
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Indian Polity UPSC GPSC-2026 Hard

Mains Q&A 0

No Mains Q&A from GPSC-2026 yet.