Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016: India’s Time-Bound Resolution Framework
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 — universally called the IBC — is the single most consequential piece of economic legislation in post-liberalisation India,…
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
42nd Amendment 1976: The Mini Constitution Explained
The 42nd Amendment 1976 is the single most far-reaching constitutional amendment India has ever passed. Enacted by the Indira Gandhi government in November 1976,…
103rd Amendment 2019: EWS Reservation Explained
The 103rd Amendment EWS is the first time the Indian Constitution authorised reservation on a purely economic criterion. Passed in January 2019 by the…
Swachh Bharat Mission: SBM-G, SBM-U, ODF Status and SBM 2.0
Swachh Bharat Mission explained for UPSC — SBM-Gramin and SBM-Urban, ODF/ODF+/ODF++ progression, IHHL toilets, SBM 2.0 phase-II 2021-26, and waste-to-wealth strategy.
Smart Cities Mission: 100 Cities, ICCC, SPV Model and Critique
Smart Cities Mission explained for UPSC — June 2015 launch, two-stage City Challenge, SPVs, Area-Based and Pan-City development, ICCC, and critique of the closure…
Lakshadweep Islands: India’s Only Coral Atoll Territory
Lakshadweep is India's smallest Union Territory and its only coral atoll archipelago. 36 islands, 12 atolls, Kavaratti capital, Minicoy lighthouse, biodiversity, and 2021 governance…
PMAY-Urban: Housing for All, 4 Verticals, CLSS and PMAY-U 2.0
PMAY-Urban explained for UPSC — June 2015 Housing for All by 2022, four verticals ISSR/CLSS/AHP/BLC, beneficiary-led construction, and PMAY-U 2.0 Sept 2024 with ₹10…
Deccan Plateau: Geology, Extent, Physiographic Divisions, and Resource Base
The Deccan Plateau is the great triangular highland of peninsular India, bordered by the Vindhyas, Eastern Ghats, and Western Ghats. Geology of the Deccan…
Chota Nagpur Plateau: Geology, Patlands, Mineral Wealth, and Tribal Heartland
The Chota Nagpur Plateau is the mineral capital of India and the heartland of central Indian tribal society. Geology, three patlands, Damodar valley coalfields,…
Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Geography, Tribes, Strategic Importance
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a 572-island archipelago in the Bay of Bengal. Volcanic geology, Barren Island, Saddle Peak, indigenous tribes, Cellular Jail,…
Wular Lake: India’s Largest Freshwater Lake in Kashmir, Jhelum Floodplain, and Tulbul Dispute
Wular Lake in Jammu and Kashmir is one of the largest freshwater lakes in Asia and a Ramsar site since 1990. Geography of the…
Loktak Lake: Manipur’s Floating Phumdis, Keibul Lamjao National Park, and Sangai Deer
Loktak Lake in Manipur is the largest freshwater lake in north-east India, famous for its floating phumdis, the only floating national park in the…