Black Soil (Regur): Formation, Properties, Distribution, and Why Cotton Loves It
Black soil, or regur, is the cotton-friendly soil of the Deccan trap. Self-ploughing cracks, basalt parentage, moisture retention, and the limits that keep yields…
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Study Notes
Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.
3454 articles
Tsunami Causes and Formation: Submarine Earthquakes, Waves, and Warning Systems
Tsunami causes and formation explained for UPSC: submarine earthquakes, slope failures, volcanic and meteorite triggers, wave behaviour, 2004 and 2011 events, INCOIS warning system.
La Niña Explained: ENSO Cool Phase, Monsoon Surplus, and the Triple-Dip Event
La Niña is the cool phase of ENSO that strengthens the Indian monsoon and supercharges Atlantic hurricanes. Here's the full picture: trade-wind intensification, recent…
Ring of Fire: Pacific Volcanoes, Earthquakes, and Subduction Zones
Ring of Fire explained for UPSC: Pacific horseshoe belt of volcanoes and earthquakes, subduction zones, major volcanoes, India's exclusion, and Andaman-Sumatra arc.
Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD): Saji’s Discovery, Positive vs Negative Phases, and Monsoon Impact
The Indian Ocean Dipole is the Indian Ocean's own ENSO-like climate mode. Here's the full picture: Saji 1999 discovery, positive and negative phases, monsoon…
Indian Monsoon Explained: Southwest and Northeast Mechanisms, Jet Streams, and the IMD LPA Framework
The Indian monsoon is the country's most important weather system. Here's the full picture: SW and NE phases, jet stream mechanics, monsoon trough, active/break…
Plate Tectonics Theory: Continental Drift, Seafloor Spreading, and Boundaries
Plate tectonics theory explained for UPSC: continental drift, seafloor spreading, major and minor plates, types of plate boundaries, and supporting evidence.
El Niño Explained: ENSO Mechanics, Indian Monsoon Impact, and Global Teleconnections
El Niño is the warm phase of ENSO that disrupts global weather. Here's the full picture: Walker circulation reversal, monsoon failures in India, and…
Earthquake Causes and Types: Elastic Rebound, Seismic Waves, and India’s Zones
Earthquake causes and types explained for UPSC: elastic rebound, focus and epicentre, seismic waves, magnitude and intensity scales, and India's seismic zones.
Gini Coefficient Explained: Lorenz Curve, India’s Income Inequality, and the Palma Ratio
The Gini Coefficient is the most widely cited number whenever a journalist, economist, or politician argues about inequality. Developed in 1912 by the Italian…
PM-JAY Ayushman Bharat: ₹5 Lakh Health Cover, Empanelled Hospitals, 70+ Expansion
PM-JAY Ayushman Bharat explained — ₹5 lakh health cover, empanelment, ABDM digital health ID, Ayushman Bharat 70+ 2024 expansion to senior citizens.
Open Market Operations (OMO): How RBI Manages Durable Liquidity
Open market operations are the Reserve Bank of India's most flexible and market-friendly tool for managing durable liquidity in the banking system. When the…