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Study Notes

Everything published under Study Notes on Anantam IAS, newest first.

3454 articles

Densely packed rooftops and narrow lanes of an Indian town from above
14 Jul 2026General Studies, Geography, GS I, Indian Geography, Indian Society

Highest Population Density State in India

Bihar is the most densely populated state in India at 1,106 persons per sq km. Here is what population density means, how it is…

The white marble petals of the Lotus Temple in New Delhi against a blue sky
14 Jul 2026Art and Culture, General Studies, GS I, Indian Society

Lotus Temple, Delhi: The Bahai House of Worship

The Lotus Temple in Delhi explained: its 27 marble petals, nine doors, the Bahai faith's idea of unity, its architect Fariborz Sahba, and why…

A stack of 1980s Indian broadsheet newspapers, a reporter's notebook, reading glasses, a transistor radio and a tied government file on a desk
14 Jul 2026General Studies, GS I, Indian History, Indian Society, Internal Security, Post-Independence India

Operation Blue Star: What Happened and Why It Matters

Operation Blue Star, the June 1984 army action at the Golden Temple, explained: the Punjab context, the assault, the casualties, and its lasting significance.

Nanda Devi's twin snow summits rising above Himalayan ridges in Uttarakhand
14 Jul 2026Environment & Ecology, General Studies, Geography, GS I, Indian Geography, Physical Geography

Nanda Devi: India’s Second-Highest Peak

Nanda Devi, at 7,816 m, is the highest mountain lying entirely within India. Its location, sanctuary, national park, goddess cult, and Cold-War secret.

A border fence line and watchtower at dawn across arid scrubland
14 Jul 2026Border Management, Constitutional and Statutory Bodies, General Studies, GS III, Indian Polity, Internal Security

Border Security Force (BSF): Role, Mandate and Deployment

The Border Security Force (BSF) explained: its 1965 raising, mandate on the Pakistan and Bangladesh borders, structure, wings, and how it differs from other…

The Golden Temple, Harmandir Sahib, reflected in the sarovar at blue hour
14 Jul 2026Art and Culture, General Studies, GS I, Indian History, Indian Society

Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib): History and Significance

The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar explained: its founding, architecture, the langar, the Akal Takht, and why it matters to Sikhism.

The carved stone chariot wheel of the Konark Sun Temple in golden light
14 Jul 2026Art and Culture, General Studies, GS I, Indian History, Medieval Indian History

Konark Sun Temple: Architecture and Significance

Konark Sun Temple in Odisha, a 13th-century chariot of the Sun God with 24 wheels and 7 horses. Its Kalinga architecture, sundial wheels, and…

Kanchenjunga, the world's third highest peak, at dawn from a ridge in Sikkim
14 Jul 2026Environment & Ecology, General Studies, Geography, GS I, Indian Geography, Physical Geography

Kanchenjunga: The World’s Third-Highest Peak

Kanchenjunga, at 8,586 m, is the world's third-highest peak and India's highest. Height, location, glaciers, ecology, and why no one summits the exact top.

A colonial-era district administrative building in Odisha at morning light
14 Jul 2026Constitutional and Statutory Bodies, General Studies, Governance, GS II, Guides, Indian Polity

OAS (Odisha Administrative Service): Full Form, Posts and Salary

OAS full form is Odisha Administrative Service, Odisha's premier state civil service. Here are its posts, exam pattern, salary, and the honest OAS vs…

Indian state flowers including lotus, golden shower and flame lily arranged on linen
14 Jul 2026Environment & Ecology, General Studies, Geography, Indian Geography, Indian Society

State Flowers of India: The Complete List

The complete state and UT-wise list of state flowers of India with botanical names, plus the confusing duplicates and how these symbols are notified.

An olive branch resting on pale stone, symbolising the Global Peace Index
14 Jul 2026General Studies, GS III, Internal Security, International Institutions, International Relations, Reports and Indices

Global Peace Index: What It Measures and India’s Rank

The Global Peace Index ranks 163 countries on peacefulness. Here is what it measures, how the score works, and India's rank and yearly trend,…