Study Notes
India-Afghanistan Relations (UPSC International Relations)
India-Afghanistan relations for UPSC GS II: Taliban takeover, Chabahar, humanitarian aid, TAPI pipeline, and India's calibrated non-recognition policy.
Keep Reading →Climate-Smart Agriculture — UPSC Environment Notes
UPSC guide to Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA): FAO definition, triple wins, India's NMSA, natural farming, carbon farming, gender, policy, challenges.
Keep Reading →Special Economic Zones (SEZ) in India – Evaluation and UPSC Notes
UPSC guide to SEZs in India: 2005 Act, benefits, evaluation, Baba Kalyani Committee, DESH Bill 2022 and 2024-26 developments.
Keep Reading →Components of Emotional Intelligence: Ability, Mixed and Trait Models (UPSC Ethics — GS IV)
Understand the components and frameworks of emotional intelligence — Mayer-Salovey ability model, Goleman mixed model, and trait model — for UPSC GS IV.
Keep Reading →Biopiracy — Turmeric, Basmati, Neem, TKDL Defence (UPSC Science & Tech)
Biopiracy — turmeric, basmati, neem patent cases, Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), CBD, Nagoya Protocol — UPSC GS III notes.
Keep Reading →Civil Service Reforms in India — 2nd ARC, Hota Committee & UPSC Notes
UPSC guide to civil service reforms: 2nd ARC, Hota Committee, lateral entry, Mission Karmayogi, autonomous civil services board, accountability and ethics.
Keep Reading →Group of Twenty (G20) — Members, India Presidency, Rio Summit & UPSC Notes (UPSC International Relations)
UPSC guide to the G20: origins, members, troika, India 2023 presidency, Delhi Declaration, AU membership, Rio 2024 outcomes, and 2024-26 developments.
Keep Reading →Children in India — Rights, Laws and the POCSO, JJ Act, RTE Framework (UPSC Indian Society)
UPSC guide to child rights in India: POCSO, JJ Act 2015, RTE Act 2009, child labour, NCPCR, trafficking, child marriage, 2024-26 developments.
Keep Reading →Climate Finance — UPSC Environment Notes (GS III)
UPSC guide to climate finance: UNFCCC obligations, GCF, GEF, USD 100 billion pledge, NCQG, Loss & Damage, India's stance, green bonds, challenges.
Keep Reading →Code of Ethics for Indian Governance (UPSC Ethics — GS IV)
Code of ethics for Indian governance — purpose, importance, principles, sources including Nolan principles and constitutional values — explained for UPSC GS IV.
Keep Reading →PLI Scheme – Design, Benefits, Challenges and UPSC Notes
UPSC guide to India's Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme: 14 sectors, incentive design, investment outcomes, challenges and 2024-26 results.
Keep Reading →Group of Seven (G7) — Members, Summits & UPSC Notes (UPSC International Relations)
UPSC guide to the G7: origins, members, India as outreach partner, Kananaskis 2025, Apulia 2024 Ukraine loan, Hiroshima 2023, PGII, relevance in 2024-26.
Keep Reading →