General Studies
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC): Composition, Functions & CVC Act 2003 for UPSC
Complete guide to the Central Vigilance Commission -- composition, appointment, CVC Act 2003, Santhanam Committee, jurisdiction, and difference from CBI and Lokpal for UPSC Polity.
Keep Reading →Caste Census in India: UPSC Indian Society Guide
UPSC guide on caste census in India — Mandal Commission, SECC 2011, Bihar caste survey, 2024 LS debates, OBC sub-categorisation, and implications.
Keep Reading →Beyt Dwarka — Archaeological Significance, Marine Archaeology & Krishna Connection
UPSC guide to Beyt Dwarka island off Gujarat coast — archaeological significance, Krishna legend, marine excavations, Bet Dwarka temple, and recent discoveries.
Keep Reading →Batukeshwar Dutt: Revolutionary & Assembly Bombing — UPSC Guide
Complete UPSC guide to Batukeshwar Dutt — 1929 Central Assembly bombing with Bhagat Singh, trial, Cellular Jail, HSRA role and revolutionary legacy.
Keep Reading →Battle of Talikota (1565): End of Vijayanagara Empire
Battle of Talikota 1565 explained: Deccan Sultanates alliance, Rama Raya, fall of Vijayanagara, destruction of Hampi, and lasting Deccan significance.
Keep Reading →Appiko Movement: Origin, Leaders, Objectives and UPSC Notes
Complete guide to the Appiko Movement of 1983 in Karnataka, led by Pandurang Hegde, its three objectives, link to Chipko and Western Ghats conservation.
Keep Reading →AI Action Summit Paris 2025: Global AI Governance Explained
Paris AI Action Summit 2025 decoded: Statement on Inclusive AI, India's co-chair role, outcomes, comparison with Bletchley and Seoul summits, UPSC view.
Keep Reading →9th Schedule of Indian Constitution — Article 31B, Judicial Review & IR Coelho Case
UPSC guide to the 9th Schedule of the Indian Constitution — 1st Amendment 1951, Article 31B, Kesavananda Bharati, IR Coelho verdict, entries, and controversies.
Keep Reading →Windfall Tax — Definition, India’s Crude Oil Levy & UPSC Economy Guide
Complete UPSC guide to windfall tax — definition, how it works, India's windfall tax on crude oil since July 2022, global examples, and economic implications.
Keep Reading →Wildlife Sanctuary in India — Legal Framework, Major Sanctuaries & UPSC Guide
Complete guide to wildlife sanctuaries in India under the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, differences from national parks, major sanctuaries by state, and IUCN categories.
Keep Reading →Vembanad Lake — Kerala’s Largest Lake, Ramsar Site & UPSC Geography Guide
Comprehensive guide to Vembanad Lake covering its location, ecology, Ramsar status, Thanneermukkom bund, threats, and relevance for UPSC Geography.
Keep Reading →Thermal Pollution — Causes, Effects on Aquatic Life & UPSC Environment Guide
Complete UPSC guide to thermal pollution — definition, causes from power plants and industries, effects on dissolved oxygen and aquatic ecosystems, remedies, and laws.
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