General Studies
AI Action Summit Paris 2025: Global AI Governance Explained
Paris AI Action Summit 2025 decoded: Statement on Inclusive AI, India's co-chair role, outcomes, comparison with Bletchley and Seoul summits, UPSC view.
Keep Reading →9th Schedule of Indian Constitution — Article 31B, Judicial Review & IR Coelho Case
UPSC guide to the 9th Schedule of the Indian Constitution — 1st Amendment 1951, Article 31B, Kesavananda Bharati, IR Coelho verdict, entries, and controversies.
Keep Reading →Windfall Tax — Definition, India’s Crude Oil Levy & UPSC Economy Guide
Complete UPSC guide to windfall tax — definition, how it works, India's windfall tax on crude oil since July 2022, global examples, and economic implications.
Keep Reading →Wildlife Sanctuary in India — Legal Framework, Major Sanctuaries & UPSC Guide
Complete guide to wildlife sanctuaries in India under the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, differences from national parks, major sanctuaries by state, and IUCN categories.
Keep Reading →Vembanad Lake — Kerala’s Largest Lake, Ramsar Site & UPSC Geography Guide
Comprehensive guide to Vembanad Lake covering its location, ecology, Ramsar status, Thanneermukkom bund, threats, and relevance for UPSC Geography.
Keep Reading →Thermal Pollution — Causes, Effects on Aquatic Life & UPSC Environment Guide
Complete UPSC guide to thermal pollution — definition, causes from power plants and industries, effects on dissolved oxygen and aquatic ecosystems, remedies, and laws.
Keep Reading →Special Marriage Act 1954 — Provisions, Procedure & UPSC Significance
Detailed guide to the Special Marriage Act 1954 covering conditions, 30-day notice, interfaith marriages, Supreme Court cases, and comparison with personal law marriages.
Keep Reading →Soil Profile — Horizons, Formation Factors & Soil Types of India
Comprehensive UPSC guide to soil profile horizons (O, A, B, C, R), CLORPT formation factors, major Indian soil types, and conservation methods.
Keep Reading →Shubhanshu Shukla Space Mission — India’s First ISS Astronaut & Axiom-4 UPSC Guide
Guide to Shubhanshu Shukla's Axiom-4 mission to the ISS, his background, India-US space cooperation, Gaganyaan link, and significance for UPSC Science & Tech.
Keep Reading →Satavahana Dynasty — Rulers, Administration, and UPSC Guide
Complete UPSC guide to the Satavahana dynasty — founders, major rulers like Gautamiputra Satakarni, Deccan trade, Amaravati stupa, administration, coinage, and decline.
Keep Reading →Sahitya Akademi Award — Selection Process, Languages & UPSC Guide
Comprehensive guide to the Sahitya Akademi Award covering 24 languages, selection process, notable winners, and comparison with the Jnanpith Award.
Keep Reading →SAARC Visa — Exemption Scheme, Eligible Categories & Regional Mobility
Complete guide to the SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme covering eligible categories, member states, India's bilateral visa regimes, and comparison with Schengen.
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